A Hindu and a Muslim who wish to marry without either converting can do so through the Special Marriage Act, 1872. This is a civil registration, separate from the personal law marriage routes of either religion.
General information, last reviewed 2026-10-10. Not a substitute for legal advice on your case.
The legal route
Personal law routes generally require both parties to share the same religion. The Special Marriage Act is the route for couples who want to keep their own religion, or who want a marriage that is not governed by religious personal law.
What the couple does
- Gives notice of intended marriage to the Special Marriage Registrar
- Waits out the objection period
- Signs the statutory declaration before the registrar with three witnesses
- Receives the registered marriage certificate
Points couples ask about
- Neither party has to convert for the registration.
- Both parties must be of legal marriageable age and free to marry.
- A previous marriage must be legally ended or the earlier spouse deceased, with proof.
- Because rules on declarations and effects can be technical, take advice before filing.
Frequently asked questions
- Does either person have to convert?
- No. Registration under the Special Marriage Act does not require conversion.
- Will the certificate be accepted by banks and embassies?
- A registered marriage certificate is the standard proof of marriage. Some embassies also ask for attestation or translation; see our certificate guide.
Related guides
- Interfaith Marriage Registration in Bangladesh
- The Special Marriage Act 1872 Explained
- Using Your Special Marriage Certificate for Visas and Embassies
See also our registration process, required documents and FAQ.